Rare Element Resources
Bear Lodge Project
Canadian NI 43-101 Technical Report
October 9
th
, 2014
10135-200-46 - Rev. 0
13-38
Table 13.20 - Confirmation Test Results for Rare
Earth Precipitation Using Oxalic Acid
(ANSTO, 2013)
13.6.7.2 Oxalate Precipitation Testing - SGS
All precipitation testing at SGS was performed using oxalic acid as it is selective
toward REE precipitation. This selectivity was thought to produce a nearly pure REO
product with the exception of thorium contamination. Oxalic acid also provides the
opportunity to produce a product in relatively few steps compared to precipitating a
carbonate.
Bench testing followed by pilot testing confirmed that oxalic acid is an excellent
reagent to precipitate REE. The test-work found that differences in REE precipitation
are related to oxalic acid addition as REE precipitation increased considerably when
the oxalic acid dosage was increased. Figure 13.14 illustrates precipitation efficiency
as a function of oxalic acid dosage.
Test ID OX3 OX4 OX5 OX6 OX7 OX10 OX11 OX12 OX13 OX14 OX17 OX18 OX19 OX20 OX21 OX22 OX23 OX24
Feed HCl
(M)
0.55 0.81 0.93 1.13 1.51 0.44 0.64 0.73 0.88 1.17 0.43 0.64 0.73 0.88 1.17 1.23 1.23 1.27
Temp.
50°C 70°C 95°C
Element
Al
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 0.08 0.08 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Ba
0.03 0.08 0.35 0.22 0.01 0.57 0.4 0.47 0.56 1.14 0.2 0.11 0.15 0.5 0.69 1.35 0.72 1.3
Ca
0.08 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.14 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0 0.08 0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.09 0.03 0.01
Ce
16.6 15.8 16.2 17.2 17 15.34 16.95 16.74 16.44 17.03 16.18 17.9 15.76 17.59 17 16.53 16.9 17.03
Fe
0.08 0.13 0.04 0.08 0.04 0.45 0.35 0.3 0.36 0.01 0.13 0.07 0.3 0.29 0.27 0.14 0.07 0.04
K
0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.05 <1 <1 <1 <1 0.02 0.52 <0.1 -
<1 <1 0.03 0.02 0.02
La
8.77 9.94 9.88 10.83 11.25 7.3 9.06 9.84 10.3 11.55 7.81 9.69 8.99 10.63 11.1 11.25 11.37 11.2
Mg
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 -
-
<0.01
Mn
0.02 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.01 0.03 0.02 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.05 0.03 0.02
Na
0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.04 0.04 0.05 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 -
-
0.03
Nd
6.24 5.83 5.41 5.45 5.29 6.38 6.08 5.5 5.24 5.27 6.83 6.57 5.59 5.91 5.31 5.14 5.25 5.46
P
0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.1 <0.1 0.22 <0.1 -
<0.01 <0.01 <0.1 0.12 <0.1 -
-
-
Pb
0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.02 0.03 0.02 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.05 0.02 0.02
Pr
1.99 1.91 1.8 1.83 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.96 1.89 1.61 2.03 2.08 2.07 2.1 1.92 1.56 1.59 1.63
Th
0.42 0.3 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.67 0.37 0.28 0.25 0.27 0.64 0.33 0.33 0.29 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.28
Ti
0.02 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.01 0.02 0.02 -
<0.1 <0.1 0.02 0.01 0.01
U
0.005 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.004
Zn
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 0.01 -
<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
LRE
33.6 33.5 33.3 35.3 35.3 31.1 34.2 34 33.9 35.5 32.9 36.2 32.4 36.2 35.3 34.5 35.1 35.3
MRE
1.73 1.47 1.36 1.31 1.26 1.76 1.45 1.12 1.09 1.15 1.84 1.58 1.42 1.2 1.1 1.26 1.28 1.02
HRE
0.24 0.21 0.2 0.19 0.18 0.28 0.18 0.16 0.19 0.16 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.16
Initial
[H
2
C
2
O
4
.2
H
2
O] In
Mix (M)
85-95°C
(wt%)
0.93 M
0.5 M
1.5 M
0.93 M
