ii
4.7.1.4 Compressed Air............................................................................................................... 28
4.7.2 Health and Safety ................................................................................................................... 28
5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES.............................................................................. 29
5.1 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................................... 29
5.1.1 Climate and Physiography...................................................................................................... 29
5.1.2 Baseline Air Quality ................................................................................................................ 29
5.1.3 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................... 31
5.1.4 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 31
5.2 Radiological Investigation.............................................................................................................. 31
5.2.1 Baseline Radiological Monitoring ........................................................................................... 31
5.2.2 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 32
5.3 Hydrology and Water Quality......................................................................................................... 32
5.3.1 Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Program .......................................................................... 32
5.3.1.1 Surface Water Flow ......................................................................................................... 32
5.3.1.2 Surface Water Quality ..................................................................................................... 34
5.3.1.3 Springs and Seeps Water Quality ................................................................................... 34
5.3.1.4 Groundwater Quality........................................................................................................ 34
5.3.2 Erosion and Surface Water Runoff Control ............................................................................ 39
5.3.3 Waste Rock Characterization ................................................................................................. 39
5.3.4 Pit Lake................................................................................................................................... 43
5.3.5 Water Quality During Seasonal Closures............................................................................... 43
5.3.6 Water Management ................................................................................................................ 44
5.3.7 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 44
5.4 Solid Wastes.................................................................................................................................. 45
5.4.1 Waste Rock ............................................................................................................................ 45
5.4.2 Waste Created On-Site .......................................................................................................... 46
5.4.3 Waste from Use of Purchased Materials................................................................................ 47
5.4.4 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 48
5.5 Scenic Values ................................................................................................................................ 48
5.5.1 Baseline Scenic Quality.......................................................................................................... 48
5.5.2 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 48
5.6 Fish and Wildlife ............................................................................................................................ 50
5.6.1 Baseline Surveys.................................................................................................................... 50
5.6.2 Description of Potential Species Occurrence ......................................................................... 50
5.6.2.1 Big Game......................................................................................................................... 50
5.6.2.2 Upland Game Birds ......................................................................................................... 51
5.6.2.3 Other Mammals ............................................................................................................... 51
5.6.2.4 Raptors ............................................................................................................................ 53
5.6.2.5 Other Migratory and Breeding Birds................................................................................ 53
5.6.2.6 Reptiles and Amphibians................................................................................................. 53
5.6.2.7 Aquatic Species............................................................................................................... 54
5.6.3 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 54
5.7 Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................................ 56
5.7.1 Description of Existing Cultural Resources ............................................................................ 56
5.7.2 Cultural Resource Surveys..................................................................................................... 56
5.7.3 Design Features/Environmental Protection Measures........................................................... 56
5.8 Hazardous Substances ................................................................................................................. 57
5.8.1 Hazardous Material and Toxic Substances............................................................................ 57
5.8.2 Security................................................................................................................................... 57
5.8.3 Special Operations Requirements and Environmental Protection Measures ........................ 58
5.8.3.1 Explosives........................................................................................................................ 58
5.8.3.2 Fuels and Lubricants ....................................................................................................... 58
5.8.3.3 Vehicle Fluids .................................................................................................................. 59
5.8.3.4 Air Conditioning Gases.................................................................................................... 59
5.8.3.5 Solvents ........................................................................................................................... 59
5.8.3.6 Welding and Cutting Supplies ......................................................................................... 60
